Saturday, November 29, 2008

CADILLAC

The History Of Cadillac






Cadillac, 1903 (courtesy the Smithsonian).

Promotional art of the 1947 Cadillac Series 75 Sedan

Cadillac

Cadillac is a brand of luxury automobile, part of the General Motors corporation, produced and mostly sold in the United States; outside of North America, they have been less successful. In the United States, the name became a synonym for "high quality", used in such phrases as "the Cadillac of clocks." This is less prevalent, though still known, in other English-speaking countries (who are more likely to use Rolls-Royce in such phrases).

History

Founding

Cadillac was formed from the Henry Ford Company upon Henry Ford's departure along with several partners. With the intent of liquidating the firm's assets, Ford's financial backers, William Murphy and Lemuel Bowen called in engineer Henry M. Leland to appraise the plant and equipment prior to selling them. Instead, Leland persuaded them to continue in the automobile business. Henry Ford's departure required a new name, and on August 22, 1902, the company reformed as the Cadillac Automobile Company.

The Cadillac automobile was named after the 17th century French explorer Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, founder of Detroit, Michigan in 1701.

Early vehicles

Their first car was completed in October 1902, the 10 horsepower (7 kW) Cadillac, based on Henry Ford's design was practically identical to the 1903 Ford Model A. Many sources say the first car rolled out of the factory on October 17; in the book Henry Leland - Master of Precision, on p.69, that date is shown to be October 20; yet another reliable source shows car #3 to have been built on October 16. In any case, the new Cadillac was shown at the New York Auto Show the following January, where it impressed the crowds enough to gather over two thousand firm orders. The Cadillac's biggest selling point was precision manufacturing and, therefore, reliability; it was simply a better made vehicle than its competition.

In Feb to Mar 1908, three Model K Cadillacs (1907 production) were released from the stock of Frederick Bennett (UK agent for Cadillac) at the Heddon Street showroom in London to compete in the annual Royal Automobile Club's Standardization Test. They were driven 25 miles to the Brooklands race track at Weybridge where they completed another 25 miles (40 km) before being put under lock and key until Monday March 2, 1908 when they were released and disassembled completely. Their 721 component parts were scrambled in one heap; 89 parts requiring extreme accuracy were withdrawn from the heap,locked away at the Brooklands club house and replaced with new parts from the showroom stock. Using only wrenches and screwdrivers the 3 cars were re-assembled and on Friday March 13 they completed a mandatory 500 mile (800 km) run. On completion of the test, one of the cars was placed under lock and key where it remained until the start of the 2000 miles (3200 km) Reliability Trials, several months later. It came out the winner of the R.A.C. Trophy! Parts interchangeability could not have been proven in any other more appropriate way. As a result of these tests, the Cadillac Automobile Company was awarded the Dewar Trophy for 1908 (actual award date was Feb 1909). The Dewar Trophy was an annual award for the most important advancement of the year in the automobile industry.

General Motors

Cadillac was purchased by the General Motors conglomerate in 1909.

Cadillac became General Motors' prestige division, devoted to the production of large luxury vehicles. The Cadillac line was also GM's default marque for "commercial chassis" institutional vehicles, such as ambulances, limousines, hearses, and funeral home flower cars. The latter two of which were custom made by aftermarket manufacturers, GM does not produce any such vehicles on its own.

In 1911, Cadillac was the first gasoline internal combustion engine auto to incorporate electric start, as opposed to earlier crank start. Originally marketed as a convenience device for female drivers, the electric starter developed by Charles Kettering was first used on the production models of 1912. Other innovations included the first V8 engine in mass production in 1915; shatter-resistant safety glass in 1926; and the first fully synchronized transmission (with gears "locked" in relation to one another to prevent clashing upon execution of a shift) in 1928. About this time, automobile stylist, Harley Earl, whom Cadillac had recruited in 1926 and who was to head the new Art & Color section starting in January 1928, designed for 1927 a new, smaller "companion" car to the Cadillac which he called the La Salle, after another French explorer, René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle. That model remained in production until 1940.

Pre-World War II Cadillacs were well-built, powerful, mass-produced luxury cars, aimed at an upper class market, below that of such ultra-exclusive marques such as Pierce-Arrow and Duesenberg. In the 1930s, Cadillac added cars with 12- and 16-cylinder engines to their range, many of which were fitted with custom coach-built bodies; these engines were remarkable at the time for their ability to deliver a combination of high power, silky smoothness and quietness.

1932- The year it could have ended

In 1932, after Cadillac suffered from record low sales and charges of discrimination against black customers, Alfred Sloan created a committee to consider the discontinuation of the Cadillac line. At a fateful board meeting, Cadillac president Nicholas Dreystadt heard that legendary boxer Joe Louis could not go into a dealership to buy a car, because he was black, and resorted to having a white friend make the purchase for him. Dreystadt gave the GM Board of Directors a 10 minute speech in which he advocated advertising to black consumers so as to increase sales. The Board agreed to give Dreystadt 18 months to produce results. By 1934, Cadillac had regained profitability. It is significant to note that after this decision, Cadillac was the only American automobile manufacturer to remain profitable during the Great Depression. By 1940, Cadillac sales had risen 1000% compared to 1934, thus saving Cadillac from extinction.

1934 brought about a revolution in assembly line technology. Henry F. Phillips introduced the Philips screw and driver onto the market. He entered into talks with General Motors and convinced the Cadillac group that his new screws would speed assembly times and therefore increase profits. Cadillac was the first automaker to use the Phillips technology, which was widely adopted in 1940.

Postwar

Postwar Cadillacs, incorporating the ideas of General Motors styling chief Harley J. Earl, innovated many of the styling features that came to be synonymous with the classic (late 1940s-late 1950s) American automobile, including tailfins and wraparound windshields. Cadillac's first tailfins, inspired by the twin rudders of the Lockheed P-38 Lightning, appeared in 1948; the 1959 Cadillac was the epitome of the tailfin craze, with the most recognizable tailfins of any production automobile.

Cadillac's other styling attribute were its front bumper designs which became known as Dagmar bumpers or simply Dagmars. What had started out after the war as an artillery shell shaped bumper guard became an increasingly important part of Cadillac's complicated front grille and bumper assembly. As the 1950s wore on, the element was placed higher in the front end design, negating their purpose as bumper guards. They also became more pronounced and were likened (vulgarism) to the bosom of 1950s television personality Dagmar. In 1957 the bumpers gained black rubber finials which only heightened the relationship between the styling element and a stylized exaggerated breast and nipple. For 1958 the element was toned down and was completely absent on the 1959 models.

In 1960 William Mitchell succeeded Harley Earl as styling chief, and his preference for more austere design combined with changing buyer tastes caused the excess to be rapidly toned down, beginning with the 1960 and 1961 models. Nevertheless, Cadillacs retained their tailfins through 1964, and suggestions of them remain in the peaked rear fenders of many models even to this day. The tailfin style gave birth to the enduring vertical-tailight pattern, which is a subtle trademark of the Cadillac line (the opposite of the horizontal tailight pattern which is a likewise subtle trademark of rival Lincoln.) The vertical taillight design also made Cadillac a favorite of the Professional car industry which easily converted them into hearses for funeral homes. Because the Cadillac tail light was vertical, these firms could bypass the expense of retro-fitting rear bumpers to accommodate the rear swing doors favored on hearses.

Somewhat surprisingly for a marque with such a strong design heritage, Cadillac has resisted the temptation to produce any "retro" models such as the revived Ford Thunderbird or the VW New Beetle, and has instead pressed ahead with a new design philosophy for the 21st century called "art and science" which it says "incorporates sharp, shear forms and crisp edges - a form vocabulary that expresses bold, high-technology design and invokes the technology used to design it."

Low points, and the beginning of a recovery

Cadillac suffered from the malaise that set in to the American auto industry in the late 1970s to the late 1980s. There were high points, such as the launch of the Eldorado two-door personal luxury car in 1967, with its simple, elegant design—a far cry from the tail-fin and chrome excesses of the 1950s. However, the 1970s saw vehicles memorable for other types of excess: engine size, for one (the Eldorado featured an 8.2-litre engine at one point), weight, and physical bulk. The build quality also became poorer when measured against German rivals.

As with most American brands, Cadillac was forced to downsize its offerings between the 1973 and 1979 fuel crises. Its staple De Ville and Fleetwood lines were downsized for 1977 and again for 1985. It launched a smaller car around the size of the Mercedes-Benz 300, the Seville, based on a Chevrolet Nova platform, which became a success for the marque.

Due to gasoline shortages, Cadillac offered a "dieselized" (converted from gasoline use) LF9 350-cubic-inch (5.7L) V8 engine, in its full-size cars from 1979 to 1981. This was a disaster for GM. The engine was notoriously unreliable and smoky. Ironically, GM's other division, Detroit Diesel had had decades of experience building Diesel engines.

However, trying to extend its brand further downward to appeal to younger buyers, Cadillac launched in 1981 (for the 1982 model year) the compact Cimarron, a warmed-over Chevrolet Cavalier as a rival to the BMW 3-series. Buyers rejected this model for being too close to the considerably cheaper Chevrolet — unlike the Seville, which did not resemble the Nova or other GM X-cars, the Cimarron was almost indistinguishable from the down-market versions. Buyers also objected to the Cimmaron's four-cylinder engine and low level of standard equipment. Although the motoring press lauded the first Cadillac manual transmission in decades, the automatic's extra cost also rankled buyers.

Another low point during the early 1980s was the variable displacement engine, branded the L62 V8-6-4 engine. Introduced in 1981, this 368in³ (6.0L) engine sequentially shut down cylinders as demand dropped. Company marketing hailed the engine as cutting-edge technology, but it proved unreliable and was dropped the next year in favor of a family of smaller aluminum V8 engines rushed into production. The 4100 (4.1 liter) V8 engine was used widely in Cadillacs in the late 1980's. This proved to be one of the worst engines ever built. It suffered from coolant leaks, warped intake manifolds and warped heads. The 4100's problems cost Cadillac the loyalty of many customers.

The mid-1980s saw Cadillac try to rebuild its image, aware that European and Japanese imports were on a rise, and with Honda launching its American luxury division, Acura. Some new design approaches were tried: the Seville, for instance, had gracefully rounded wheel arches with a hint of chrome. The greatest challenge to the imports was the Cadillac Allante, a convertible designed by Pininfarina of Italy, and built on what was touted as the world's longest production line—with the car's bodies fabricated in Italy and flown by Boeing 747 to the United States to meet their transmission and engine. The car was, sadly, not a commercial success, but today stands out as a modern classic and more than able to hold its own, image-wise, next to its Mercedes-Benz SL rival.

The Allante's styling influenced other Cadillacs, especially the Seville, which adopted its sharper, tailored lines. Indeed, Cadillac was so confident of the Seville that it was exported to Europe, but it faced stiff opposition.

The Cimarron and Seville models marked a beginning of "smaller" cars for the Cadillac line. Throughout the 1980s, American auto makers downsized most of their models, and the Cadillac was no exception. By the late 80s, the Brougham was the only Cadillac model that retained the style and size of the "big" DeVilles and Fleetwoods of the 70s. It was discontinued after the 1996 model year (the Brougham was rebadged as the Fleetwood Brougham).

After GM phased out the GM B platform after 1996, abeit the importation of the European-based Catera, the only equivalent of rear-wheel drive is seen as a sport utility vehicle with the present-day Escalade.

The Art & Science era

The latest incarnation of Cadillac styling - Art & Science (A&S) was previewed with the 1999 Cadillac Evoq concept roadster at that year's Detroit Auto Show. With its crisp lines, hard creases, and sharp corners, the Evoq not only had a striking presence of its own, but also marked a departure from the softer design of previous Cadillacs.

Distinctive characteristics of Art & Science design include stacked headlamps, vertical taillamps, angular grille, and creased body lines in addition to alphanumeric model names.

The DeVille sedan and 2002 Escalade sport utility were the first executions of the Art & Science design philosophy, though they should be appropriately noted as more transitional vehicles since they combine A&S with the last era of styling and tested the waters for public acceptance.

Cadillac's 2003 Cadillac CTS was the first ground-up incarnation of A&S and was an instant hit, partly due to product placements in the cyberpunk Matrix trilogy. Following in its success was the Cadillac SRX sport utility wagon and the Evoq-inspired Cadillac XLR roadster. The 2005 Cadillac STS is the latest in the A&S lineup and will complete the transition between the old school of design and the new. The new Cadillac V-Series was also introduced to provide sporty models based on Cadillac production cars, with very extensive chassis and engine upgrades.

A slight evolution of A&S was shown at Detroit's 2003 Auto Show with the Cadillac Sixteen concept, which had a rounded body with crisp A&S features. This version of A&S will probably see itself debuted on models that appeal to more conservative demographics, such as the DeVille's replacement and a possible ultraluxury sedan.

The 2005 Presidential Limousine first shown at the second inauguration of President George W. Bush features A&S design cues, and is said to foreshadow the 2006 Cadillac DTS, which is the replacement for the DeVille.

In late 2005, Cadillac introduced the new DTS, the replacement of the DeVille, completing the full lineup of A&S models.

Also in 2005, General Motors announced the first Cadillac designed exclusively for the European market, a model called the BLS, to be built by Saab in Sweden.

Cadillac models

Historical and Classic

  • 1902-1903 Cadillac runabout and tonneau - 72in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
  • 1903-1904 Cadillac Model A - 72in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
  • 1904 Cadillac Models A and B
    • Model A - 72in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
    • Model B - 76in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
  • 1905 Cadillac Models B, C, D, E and F
    • Model B - 76in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
    • Model C - 72in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
    • Model D - 100in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
    • Model E - 74in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
    • Model F - 76in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
  • 1906 Cadillac Models H, K, L, and M
    • Model H - 102in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
    • Model K - 74in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
    • Model L - 110in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
    • Model M - 76in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
  • 1907 Cadillac Models G, H, K, and M
    • Model G - 100in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
    • Model H - 102in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
    • Model K - 74in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
    • Model M - 76in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
  • 1908 Cadillac Models G, H, M, S and T
    • Model G - 100in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
    • Model H - 102in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
    • Model M - 76in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
    • Model S - 82in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
    • Model T - 82in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
  • 1909-1911 Cadillac Model Thirty
    • 1909 - 106in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
    • 1910 - 110in wheelbase; 120in wheelbase (limousine) four-cylinder engine Fisher
    • 1911 - 116in wheelbase four-cylinder engine Fisher
  • 1912 - Cadillac Model 1912; 116in wheelbase four-cylinder engine Fisher
  • 1913 - Cadillac Model 1913; 120in wheelbase four-cylinder engine Fisher
  • 1914 - Cadillac Model 1914; 120 and 134in wheelbase four-cylinder engine Fisher
  • 1915 - Cadillac Type 51; 122 and 145in wheelbase V8 Fisher
  • 1916 - Cadillac Type 53; 122 132 and 145in wheelbase V8 Fisher
  • 1917 - Cadillac Type 55; 125 and 145in wheelbase V8 Fisher
  • 1918-1919 Cadillac Type 57; 125 132 and 145in wheelbase V8 Fisher
  • 1920-1921 Cadillac Type 59; 122 and 132in wheelbase V8 Fisher
  • 1922-1923 Cadillac Type 61; 132in wheelbase V8 Fisher
  • 1924 - Cadillac Type V-63; 132 and 145in wheelbase V8 Fisher
  • 1925 - Cadillac Type V-63; 132 138 and 145in wheelbase V8 Fisher Fleetwood
  • 1926-1927 Cadillac Series 314; 132 138 and 150in wheelbase V8 Fisher Fleetwood
  • 1928 - Cadillac Series 341-A; 140 and 152in wheelbase V8 Fisher Fleetwood
  • 1929 - Cadillac Series 341-B; 140 and 152in wheelbase V8 Fisher Fleetwood
  • 1930 Cadillac Series 353, 370 and 452 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 353 - 140 and 152in wheelbase V8 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 370 - 140 143 and 152in wheelbase V12 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 452 - 148in wheelbase V16 Fisher Fleetwood
  • 1931 Cadillac Series 355, 370-A and 452-A Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 355 - 134 and 152in wheelbase V8 Fleetwood
    • Series 370-A - 140 143 and 152in wheelbase V12 Fleetwood
    • Series 452-A - 148in wheelbase V16 Fisher Fleetwood
  • 1932 Cadillac Series 355-B, 370-B and 452-B Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 355-B - 134 and 156in wheelbase V8 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 370-B - 140 and 156in wheelbase V12 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 452-B - 143and 149in wheelbase V16 Fisher Fleetwood
  • 1933 Cadillac Series 355-C, 370-C and 452-C Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 355-C - 140 and 156in wheelbase V8
    • Series 370-C - 134 140 and 156in wheelbase V12
    • Series 452-C - 143 and 149in wheelbase V16
  • 1934 Cadillac Series 10, 20, 30 and 452-D Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 10 - 128in wheelbase V8
    • Series 20 - 136in wheelbase V8
    • Series 30 - 146in wheelbase V8
    • Series 370-D - 146in wheelbase V12
    • Series 452-D - 154in wheelbase V16
  • 1935 Cadillac Series 10, 20, 30 and 452-D Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 10 - 128in wheelbase V8
    • Series 20 - 136in wheelbase V8
    • Series 30 - 146in wheelbase V8
    • Series 370-D - 146and 160in wheelbase V12
    • Series 452-D or 60 - 154in wheelbase V16
  • 1936 Cadillac Series 36-60, 36-70, 36-75, 36-80, 36-85, 36-90 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 36-60 - 121in wheelbase V8
    • Series 36-70 - 131in wheelbase V8
    • Series 36-75 - 138in wheelbase V8
    • Series 36-80 - 131and 160in wheelbase V12
    • Series 36-85 - 138in wheelbase V12
    • Series 36-80 - 154in wheelbase V16
  • 1937 Cadillac Series 36-60, 37-65, 37-70, 37-75, 37-85, 37-90 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 37-60 - 124 and 160.75in wheelbase V8
    • Series 37-65 - 131in wheelbase V8
    • Series 37-70 - 131in wheelbase V8
    • Series 37-75 - 138 and 156in wheelbase V8
    • Series 37-85 - 138in wheelbase V12
    • Series 37-80 - 154in wheelbase V16
  • 1938 Cadillac Series 38-60, 38-60S, 38-65, 38-75, 38-90 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 38-60 - 124 and 160in wheelbase V8
    • Series 38-60S - 127in wheelbase V8
    • Series 38-65 - 132 in wheelbase V8
    • Series 38-75 - 141 and 160in wheelbase V8
    • Series 38-90 - 141in wheelbase V16
  • 1939 Cadillac Series 39-60S, 39-65, 39-75, 39-90 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 39-60S - 127in wheelbase V8
    • Series 39-61 - 126 and 162.25in wheelbase V8
    • Series 39-75 - 141 and 161.75in wheelbase V8
    • Series 39-90 - 141in wheelbase V16
  • 1940 Cadillac Series 40-60S, 40-62, 40-72, 40-75, 40-90 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 40-60S - 127in wheelbase V8
    • Series 40-62 - 129in wheelbase V8
    • Series 40-72 - 138 and 165.25in wheelbase V8
    • Series 40-75 - 141 and 161.75in wheelbase V8
    • Series 40-90 - 141in wheelbase V16
  • 1941 Cadillac Series 41-60S, 41-61, 41-62, 41-63, 41-67, 41-75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 41-60S - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 41-61 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 41-62 - 126 and 163in wheelbase V8
    • Series 41-63 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 41-67 - 139in wheelbase V8
    • Series 41-75 - 136 and 163in wheelbase V8
  • 1942 Cadillac Series 42-60S, 42-61, 42-62, 42-63, 42-67, 42-75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 42-60S Fleetwood - 133in wheelbase V8
    • Series 42-61 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 42-62 - 129in wheelbase V8
    • Series 42-63 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 42-67 - 139in wheelbase V8
    • Series 42-75 - 136 and 163in wheelbase V8
  • 1946 Cadillac Series 60S, 61, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 133in wheelbase V8
    • Series 61 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 129in wheelbase V8
    • Series 75 - 136in wheelbase V8
  • 1947 Cadillac Series 60S, 61, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 133in wheelbase V8
    • Series 61 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 129in wheelbase V8
    • Series 75 - 138in wheelbase V8
  • 1948-1949 Cadillac Series 60S, 61, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 133in wheelbase V8
    • Series 61 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 75 - 136in wheelbase V8

Finned Fifties

  • 1950-1951 Cadillac Series 60S, 61, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 130in wheelbase V8
    • Series 61 - 122in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 75 - 146.75in wheelbase V8
  • 1952 Cadillac Series 60S, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 130in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 75 - 147in wheelbase V8
  • 1953 Cadillac Series 60S, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 130in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 126in wheelbase V8
    • Series 75 - 146.75in wheelbase V8
  • 1954-1955 Cadillac Series 60S, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 133in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 129in wheelbase V8
    • Series 75 - 149.8in wheelbase V8
  • 1956 Cadillac Series 60S, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 133in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 129in wheelbase V8
    • Series 75 - 149.75in wheelbase V8
  • 1957-1958 Cadillac Series 60S, 62, 70, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 133in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 129.5in wheelbase V8
    • Series 70 - 126in wheelbase V8 "Eldorado Brougham"
    • Series 75 - 149.7in wheelbase V8
  • 1959-1960 Cadillac Series 60S, 62, 63, 64, 69, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 130in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 130in wheelbase V8
    • Series 63 - 130in wheelbase V8"De Ville" sub-series
    • Series 64 - 130in wheelbase V8"Eldorado" sub-series
    • Series 69 - 130in wheelbase V8 "Eldorado Brougham"
    • Series 75 - 149.75in wheelbase V8

Sixties and Seventies

  • 1961-1964 Cadillac Series 60S, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
    • Series 60S Fleetwood - 129.5in wheelbase V8
    • Series 62 - 129.5in wheelbase V8
    • Series 75 - 149.8in wheelbase V8
  • 1965-1966 Cadillac "Calais", "De Ville" and "Fleetwood" Series Fisher Fleetwood
    • Calais - 129.5in wheelbase V8
    • DeVille/Coupe de Ville - 129.5in wheelbase V8
    • Fleetwood - 133 149.8 and 156in wheelbase V8
  • 1967-1970 Cadillac "Calais", "De Ville" and "Fleetwood" Series Fisher Fleetwood
    • Calais - 129.5in wheelbase V8
    • DeVille/Coupe de Ville - 129.5in wheelbase V8
    • Fleetwood - 120 133 149.8 and 156in wheelbase V8
  • 1970-1973 Cadillac "Calais", "De Ville" and "Fleetwood" Series Fisher Fleetwood
    • Calais - 130in wheelbase V8
    • DeVille/Coupe de Ville - 130in wheelbase V8
    • Fleetwood - 126.3 133 151.5 &bnsp; and 157.5in wheelbase V8
  • 1974 - Cadillac "Calais", "De Ville" and "Fleetwood" Series Fisher Fleetwood
    • Calais - 130in wheelbase V8
    • DeVille/Coupe de Ville - 130in wheelbase V8
    • Fleetwood - 126 133 151.5 &bnsp; and 157.5in wheelbase V8
  • 1975 - Cadillac "Calais", "De Ville", "Seville" and "Fleetwood" Series Fisher Fleetwood
    • Calais - 130in wheelbase V8
    • DeVille/Coupe de Ville - 130in wheelbase V8
    • Seville - 114.3in wheelbase V8
    • Fleetwood - 126.3 133 151.5 &bnsp; and 157.5in wheelbase V8

Alphabetical Model Summary

  • 1987-1993 Cadillac Allante
  • 1985-1993 Cadillac Brougham
  • 1965-1976 Cadillac Calais
  • 1994-1996 Cadillac Catera
  • 1982-1988 Cadillac Cimarron
  • 1935-1983 Cadillac commercial chassis
  • 1949-2005 Cadillac DeVille
  • 1949-1993 Cadillac Coupe de Ville
  • 1953-2003 Cadillac Eldorado
  • 1956-1962 Cadillac Eldorado Biarritz
  • 1957-1960 Cadillac Eldorado Brougham
  • 1956-1960 Cadillac Eldorado Seville
  • 1963-2003 Cadillac Fleetwood Eldorado
  • 1927-1996 Cadillac Fleetwood
  • 1975-2004 Cadillac Seville
  • 1938-1993 Cadillac Sixty Special
  • 1975-1976 Cadillac Castilian Station Wagon

Current

  • 2006-present Cadillac STS V-Series
  • 2004-present Cadillac CTS V-Series
  • 2006-present Cadillac BLS (Europe only)
  • 2003-present Cadillac CTS
  • 2006-present Cadillac DTS
  • 1999-present Cadillac Escalade (ESV/EXT)
  • 2004-present Cadillac SRX
  • 2005-present Cadillac STS
  • 2004-present Cadillac XLR

Concepts and prototypes

  • Cadillac V-16 Aero coupe - 1933
  • Cadillac Caribbean, Coupe de Ville, El Rancho, Embassy - 1949
  • Cadillac Debutante - 1950
  • Cadillac custom roadster for Bill Boyer - 1951-52
  • Cadillac Eldorado and Townsman - 1952
  • Cadillac Le Mans and Orleans - 1953
  • Cadillac El Camino, La Espada, Park Avenue - 1954
  • Cadillac Celebrity, Eldorado Brougham, La Salle II, Eldorado St. Moritz, Westchester - 1955
  • Cadillac Castilian, Gala, Maharani, Palomino, Eldorado Brougham and Eldorado Brougham Town Car, - 1956
  • Cadillac Director - 1957
  • Cadillac "Rain Car" and 4-door Eldorado Seville - 1958
  • Cadillac Cyclone - 1959
  • Cadillac 4-door phaeton - 1960
  • Cadillac Bonneville Maharani - 1963
  • Cadillac Florentine - 1964
  • Cadillac Aurora - 1980
  • Cadillac CART-PPG - 1985
  • Cadillac Voyage - 1988
  • Cadillac Solitaire - 1989
  • Cadillac Evoq - 1999
  • Cadillac Vizon - 2000
  • Cadillac Imaj - 2001
  • Cadillac Cien - 2002
  • Cadillac Sixteen - 2003



From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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